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1.
Rev. chil. ortop. traumatol ; 62(2): 153-156, ago. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1435169

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome compartimental es una complicación infrecuente pero severa que puede aparecer ante una posición de litotomía prolongada y el uso de perneras. OBJETIVO: Presentar un caso de síndrome compartimental bilateral tras posición de litotomía prolongada asociada con el uso de perneras. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Paciente varón de 43 años sometido a una cirugía urológica en posición habitual de litotomía durante un periodo de 6 horas. A las 2 horas de finalizar la cirugía, el paciente presentó dolor intenso y endurecimiento de compartimento anterior y lateral de ambas piernas, junto con una elevación de la creatina quinasa sérica (valor inicial de 109 U/L que se elevó hasta 7.689 U/L a las 12 horas) y una imposibilidad para la flexión dorsal pasiva de ambos tobillos. El paciente no sentía dolor en el resto de los compartimentos. RESULTADOS: Ante la sospecha de un síndrome compartimental anterolateral, se realizó fasciotomía bilateral urgente, y se observó una disminución de la perfusión muscular y mejoría de la misma tras apertura de la fascia. Se realizaron curas periódicas cada 48 horas, y se observó viabilidad del tejido hasta su cierre definitivo a los 4 días. A las 2 semanas, el paciente presentó fatiga ligera para la deambulación sin ayuda, con tumefacción en el compartimento lateral de ambas piernas. A los 10 meses de evolución, el paciente caminaba sin ayuda y con función muscular completa. CONCLUSIONES: El conocimiento de la asociación del síndrome compartimental y la cirugía laparoscópica prolongada es esencial para un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento quirúrgico inmediato, para evitar graves secuelas. Los buenos resultados de nuestro paciente se deben a la rápida actuación, ya que normalmente se suele demorar. Para evitar su aparición o disminuir su incidencia, la posición de litotomía debería limitarse a aquellos momentos de la cirugía en los que sea imprescindible, modificando la posición de las piernas cada dos horas en caso de cirugías prolongadas, para prevenir dicha complicación.


Compartment syndrome is a rare but severe complication resulting from a prolonged lithotomy position and the use of leg loops. PURPOSE: To present a case of bilateral compartment syndrome after prolonged lithotomy position associated with the use of leg loops. METHODS: A 43-year-old man underwent urological surgery in the usual lithotomy position for a 6-hour period. Two hours after the end of the surgery, the patient presented severe pain and stiffening of the anterior and lateral compartments of both legs, elevated serum creatine kinase levels (the baseline value of 109 U/L increased to 7,689 U/L at 12 hours), and inability for passive dorsiflexion of both ankles. The patient reported no pain in the other compartments. RESULTS: Suspicion of an anterolateral compartment syndrome resulted in an urgent bilateral fasciotomy; muscle perfusion was decreased, and it improved after fascial opening. Dressings were changed every 48 hours, and tissue viability was observed until the final closure at 4 days. At two weeks, the patient presented slight fatigue when walking with no assistance, in addition to swelling in the lateral compartment of both legs. Ten months after surgery, the patient walked with no assistance and with complete muscle function. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the association between compartment syndrome and prolonged laparoscopic surgery is essential for an early diagnosis and immediate surgical treatment to avoid serious sequelae. In our patient, the good outcomes resulted from quick action, since diagnosis is often delayed. Limiting the lithotomy position to those surgical moments in which it is essential and changing the position of the legs every 2 hours during prolonged procedures can reduce the occurrence and incidence of compartment syndrome, preventing this complication.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Síndromes Compartimentais/cirurgia , Fasciotomia/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/efeitos adversos , Decúbito Dorsal , Perna (Membro)/irrigação sanguínea
2.
Foot Ankle Int ; 42(4): 425-430, 2021 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33143483

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes after first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint arthrodesis for hallux rigidus between patients who underwent primary arthrodesis and those who had had a prior surgery for hallux valgus. METHODS: Our design was a retrospective cohort study comparing 29 patients who underwent primary arthrodesis (primary group) and 34 patients with hallux rigidus after hallux valgus surgery (secondary group). The clinical assessment included the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Radiological evaluation was also performed. Overall, the mean postoperative follow-up was 3.4 (range, 2-5) years. RESULTS: At final follow-up, AOFAS and VAS pain scores significantly improved in both groups (P = .001). However, the mean AOFAS (P = .001) and VAS pain (P = .008) scores were significantly better in the primary group than in the secondary group. Radiologically, there were no significant differences between the groups in any angle after arthrodesis. Revision surgeries were not required in the primary group. In the secondary group, there was 1 revision due to deep infection, and 3 other patients required dorsal plate removal. Excluding plate removal, the Kaplan-Meier survival at 3 years was not significantly different between groups (P = .775). CONCLUSION: Although arthrodesis of the first MTP joint was an effective procedure for hallux rigidus, the clinical outcomes in patients who had prior hallux valgus surgery were worse than those for patients who underwent primary surgery for hallux rigidus. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, retrospective cohort study.


Assuntos
Hallux Rigidus , Hallux Valgus , Articulação Metatarsofalângica , Artrodese , Hallux Rigidus/diagnóstico por imagem , Hallux Rigidus/cirurgia , Hallux Valgus/diagnóstico por imagem , Hallux Valgus/cirurgia , Humanos , Articulação Metatarsofalângica/cirurgia , Osteotomia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Rev. chil. ortop. traumatol ; 61(3): 112-115, 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177827

RESUMO

OBJETIVO Presentación de un inusual caso de xantomatosis cerebrotendinosa en un paciente de edad cuya primera manifestación fueron xantomas bilaterales del tendón de Aquiles. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Mujer de 62 años, que presenta tumoraciones, que presenta tumoraciones sólidas y polilobuladas, en la cara posterior de ambos tendones de Aquiles de 8 años de evolución. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante el hallazgo de hiperlipidemia y estudio genético. Se realió la exóresis quirúrgica parcial de las tumoraciones. RESULTADOS A los 5 años de la cirugía del pie izquierdo y 4 años del pie derecho la paciente estaba asintomática. Presentaba una fuerza para la flexión plantar bilateral de 5/5, pudiendo caminar y subir escaleras sin molestias. Presentaba una escala AOFAS de 85 y 90 puntos en el pie izquierdo y derecho, respectivamente. No hubo recidivas. DISCUSIÓN Los xantomas son depósitos de colesterol en el tejido conectivo de la piel, tendones o fascia, como resultado de una hiperlipoproteinemia. La importancia del caso radica en su sospecha diagnóstica, ya que la xantomatosis cerebrotendinosa suele manifestarse en pacientes de menos de 30 años de edad y en los que se ha recomendado la resección radical de las tumoraciones, e incluso del tendón, debido a las frecuentes recidivas. CONCLUSIÓN En pacientes de mayor edad con lesiones que infiltran el tendón, se puede optar por un tratamiento menos agresivo con un buen resultado clínico.


OBJETIVE Presentation of an unusual case of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in an elderly patient whose first manifestation was bilateral Achilles tendon xanthomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS 62-year-old woman presenting solid and polylobed tumors on the posterior aspect of both Achilles tendons for eight years. The diagnosis was made by means of hyperlipidemia and a genetic study. Surgical partial excision of the tumors was performed. RESULTS Five years after surgery on the left foot and four years after the right foot, the patient was asymptomatic. Bilateral plantar flexion force was 5/5, The patient was able to walk and climb stairs without discomfort. AOFAS score was 85 and 90 on the left and right feet, respectively. There were no recurrences. DISCUSSION Xanthomatosis is a genetic alteration with deposits of cholesterol in connective tissue of the skin, tendons or fascia, because of hyperlipoproteinemia. The importance of the present case lies in its diagnostic suspicion, since cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis manifests usually in patients under 30 years of age and in whom radical resection of tumors, and even of the tendon, has been recommended due to frequent recurrences . CONCLUSION In older patients with tumors that infiltrate the tendon, a less aggressive treatment can be chosen with a good clinical result.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tendão do Calcâneo , Xantomatose/cirurgia , Xantomatose/diagnóstico , Xantomatose Cerebrotendinosa/complicações , Tendinopatia/cirurgia , Tendinopatia/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Xantomatose/etiologia , Xantomatose/diagnóstico por imagem , Tendinopatia/etiologia , Tendinopatia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hiperlipidemias
4.
Rev. chil. ortop. traumatol ; 61(3): 94-100, 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177770

RESUMO

OBJETIVO Mostrar una fractura infrecuente del tubérculo posteromedial del astrágalo diagnosticado y tratado de manera aguda mediante osteosíntesis con tornillo Acutrak® (2014 Acumed® LLC). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Varón de 28 años, que acude a Urgencias tras torcedura de tobillo con dolor al mover tobillo y hallux y tumefacción en cara interna. En Urgencias pasó desapercibida. En consulta a la semana refería sensación de que se le engancha el primer dedo con la flexoextensión. Se observa fractura del tubérculo medial de la apófisis posterior del astrágalo con desplazamiento >3mm y clínica de posible interposición del flexor hallucis longus. Se decidió tratamiento quirúrgico con tornillo Acutrak®. Se inmovilizó con férula 3 semanas y descarga 6 semanas. RESULTADOS A los 8 meses balance articular completo, sin dolor ni limitación para las ABVD y sin clínica de atrapamiento del flexor del hallux. Como complicación aguda, se verificó infección de herida quirúrgica que se trató con antibióticos. DISCUSIÓN Ese tipo de fracturas son infrecuentes. El mecanismo lesional suele ser dorsiflexión-pronación. Es importante un diagnóstico temprano y para ello es necesario una alta sospecha diagnóstica. Para su diagnóstico, son necesarias radiografías anteroposterior y lateral y si no se visualiza la lesión, proyección oblicua con 30°- 40° de rotación externa. En casos agudos resulta de utilidad la TAC y en casos crónicos la RM. CONCLUSIÓN Aunque generalmente el tratamiento es conservador, en ocasiones puede ser necesario la cirugía mediante osteosíntesis o exéresis del fragmento cuando la fractura provoca impingement.


OBJECTIVE Show an infrequent fracture of the posteromedial tubercle of the talus diagnosed and treated acutely by Acutrak® screw (2014 Acumed® LLC) osteosynthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 28-year-old man attended the Emergency Department after spraining his ankle with pain when moving his ankle and hallux and swelling on the internal face. In the ER it went unnoticed. A week later in the clinic, he refered to the sensation that the first finger is hooked with the flexion extension. A fracture of the medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus is observed with a displacement of > 3 mm and clinical signs of possible interposition of the hallucis longus . Surgical treatment with Acutrak® screw was made. He was immobilized with a splint for 3 weeks and discharge for 6 weeks. RESULTS At 8 months complete joint balance, without pain or limitations for BADL and without hallux flexor entrapment symptoms. As an acute complication, surgical wound infection that was treated with antibiotics. DISCUSSION These types of fractures are rare. The injury mechanism is usually dorsiflexion-pronation. Early diagnosis is important and a high diagnostic suspicion is required. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs are necessary for its diagnosis and if the lesion is not visualized, oblique projection with 30°- 40° external rotation. CT is useful in acute cases and MRI in chronic cases. CONCLUSION Although the treatment is conservative, surgery may sometimes be necessary by means of osteosynthesis or excision of the fragment when the fracture causes impingement.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Tálus/cirurgia , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Parafusos Ósseos , Tálus/lesões , Tálus/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Precoce
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